Cách Viết Câu Trong IELTS Writing Cho Band 4.0-5.0 – Useful Writing Revision For Aim 5.0+ Students
Trong bài viết này, IPPEDU sẽ tổng hợp những cấu trúc câu và cách sắp xếp, diễn đạt ý tưởng trong bài IELTS Writing, chắc chắn giúp bạn đạt band 5.0+ một cách hiệu quả!
A.CÁC CẤU TRÚC NGỮ PHÁP CÂU QUAN TRỌNG TRONG IELTS WRITING:
1. SIMPLE SENTENCE:
Parents || should teach their children carefully (adverb).
2. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Parents || should teach their children carefully, so the young || can grow in a well-rounded manner (adverb).
=> Câu compound nối giữa 2 clauses bằng FANBOYS: for, and, so, nor, but, or, yet hoặc dấu [;] => Tuyệt đối không dùng dấu phẩy [,]
3. COMPLEX SENTENCE: CÂU CÓ 2 CLAUSES (1 clause chính, 1 clause phụ)
Câu có nghĩa cause-effect:
- Because=Since parents || teach their children carefully, the young || can grow to have a good manner (vế phụ: to do sth).
- Parents || teach their children carefully; therefore, = ; as a result, the young || can grow to have a good manner (vế phụ: to do sth)
- Parents || teach their children As a result, = As a consequences, the young || can grow to have a good manner (vế phụ: to do sth).
Câu có nghĩa đối lập:
- Even though it || is going to rain, we || still go for a walk. [ghép 2 clauses trong 1 câu, “even though”]
- Students || enjoy volunteering at schoo, although it || is hard work.
- Although some parents || take care of their children well, the children || develop misbehavior.
- Some parents || take care of their children well; however, = ; nevertheless, the children || develop misbehavior.
- Some parents || take care of their children well. However, = . Nevertheless, the children || develop misbehavior.
=> Câu Complext nối giữa 2 clauses bằng adverbs: however // nevertheless // otherwise // meanwhile // because // since // when // while [chú ý vị trí & cách dùng]
Dùng Relative clause trong câu COMPLEX SENTENCE
- [which modify cho từ gần nhất] The little girl whose doll was lost || is sad. // We || went to the village which Lucy recommended.
- [which đứng cuối câu] He drank too much, which is why he was sick. // It was raining yesterday, which was a pity. => [“which” thay cho cả clause phía trước]
- VERSION 01: The girls || fed the ducks before they || walked around the lake.
- VERSION 02: The girls who were keen on wildlife || fed the ducks before walking around the lake. = The girls who were keen on wildlife || fed the ducks before they || walk around the lake.
=> Trong câu này subject là nguyên một vế in nghiêng: “The girls who were keen on wildlife” = 1 cụm danh từ (a noun phrase), main verb là fed, cụm “before” phía sau là 1 clause hoặc dùng “before + V-ing”.
4. CÂU PHỨC TẠP VỚI NHIỀU PHRASES & CLAUSES ĐAN XEN
a. Câu có 2 verbs song song:
Parents || should teach their children carefully and give them timely advice. [teach & give đồng cấp với nhau]
Children || love eating candies and drinking CocaCola. [eating & drinking là 2 verbs phụ bổ trợ cho love]
b. Câu có kết hợp các vế phụ:
+ Parents || should teach their children carefully and give them timely advice in order for the young to develop acceptable behavior when they || grow up.
=> cụm phụ: “in order for somebody to do something”
+ Teaching children carefully and giving them timely advice || are important for the young to develop acceptable behavior when they || grow up.
=> 2 verb-ing biến thành subject của câu // main verb là “are” – plural vì có 2 verbs]
+ Teaching children carefully and giving them timely advice || are important for the young to develop acceptable behavior, thus creating well-mannered young generations for society.
=> cuối 1 câu đầy đủ, dùng 1 cụm “V-ing” để diễn đạt hệ quả từ câu trước. Example: Large amounts of emissions || are discharged into the environment, causing serious air pollution and global warming.
c. Các lỗi thường gặp:
INCORRECT: There || are many children go to private school in major cities. [sai câu 02 verbs]
CORRECT: There || are many children going to private school in major cities.
INCORRECT: Because it || often rains in summer, which can destroy crops. [câu FRAGMENT]
CORRECT: Because it || often rains in summer, crops || would be destroyed.
INCORRECT: Run || is extreme benefit to people’s health. [sau word form]
CORRECT: Runing || is extremly beneficial to people’s health.
d. Cách viết cause-effect sentences:
| + Worsening pollution levels in cities are due to the increased use of cars.
+ Because of =As a result of the increased use of cars, pollution levels || in cities are worsening. + The effect of the increased use of cars || is a worsening of pollution levels in cities. |
Cars are used increasingly for urban transport. As a consequence, = Therefore, = As a result, pollution levels in cities are worsening.
Increased use of cars for urban transport adversely affects = negatively impacts on = worsens = mitigate pollution levels in cities. Increased use of cars for urban transport is one of the causes of = is the main factor leading to worsening pollution levels in cities. |
e. Cách cấu trúc hữu ích khác:
| + Despite = In spite of his failures to address national problems, Obama won the 2018 election.
+ [such as => cần phải viết kế bên danh từ nó modify] Children love different types of sweets such as candies, chocolate, and ice cream. + [dùng relative clause] Children who go to private schools || tend to foster better communication skills. |
[V-ing làm subject] Addressing environmental problems || is the duty of all individuals living on Earth.
[dùng mẫu it is … for sb to do sth] It is unreasonable=unjustifable for the government to issue a ban on fast food. |
B. CÁCH SẮP XẾP & DIỄN ĐẠT Ý TƯỞNG TRONG IELTS WRITING:
Trong 1 đoạn văn, chúng ta sẽ có tầm 3 – 4 câu để trình bày ý tưởng. Cách sắp xếp ideas đi từ phân tích cận đến phân tích khái quát để đảm bảo tính logic, mạch lạc trong đoạn văn.
| [chứng minh] the extinction of plants and animals => a principal = major = significant problem
FLOW OF IDEAS: S01 – [the current ecosystem] all animal & plant species => play a crucial role in food chains and the whole system // all species are interconnected S02 – [If some species disappeared, ….] [a domino effect // disrupt the ecological balance] S03 – [further consequences for the ecosystem & wildlife] As a result, => cascading effects on the system // the loss of biodiversity [hoặc viết 1 ví dụ: FOR EXAMPLE,] |
On the one hand, many people support the idea that the extinction of several flora and fauna species should be seen as a principal problem at the moment. Since all plant and animals species || are interconnected with others, all animals play a crucial role in the food chain and the entire ecosystem. If some species disappeared, it || would lead to a domino effect on other species and cause disruptions to the food webs. As a result, this trend || can result in cascading effects on the natural world, causing the irreversible loss of biodiversity. |
| [VIẾT ĐOẠN VỀ THE BENEFITS OF ONLINE SHOPPING]
Topic sentence: Online shopping || can bring two major benefits to consumers. [BENEFIT 01 – convenience & time-saving => 2 SENTENCES] S01 – nêu ra đặc điểm của online shopping & cách thức mua bán hàng online stay at home => select their desired items, have their products delivered at their doorstep S02 – từ đó khái quá lên benefit cho consumers ở mức độ lớn, rộng hơn enjoy a high level of convenience // save a large amount of time // not waste commuting time to stores or queuing to pay
[BENEFIT 02 – cheaper products & save money => 2 SENTENCES] S01 – nêu ra đặc điểm của online shopping & cách thức mua bán hàng online not pay enormous rental fees and overhead costs => can lower their prices to attract buyers S02 – từ đó khái quá lên benefit cho consumers ở mức độ lớn, rộng hơn online shoppers financially can reduce their expenses on commodities => meaningful in the current context of ever-increasing good prices |
Topic sentence: Online shopping || can bring two major benefits to consumers. [BENEFIT 01 – convenience & time-saving] Firstly, online buyers can simple stay at home, select their desired items, and have their products delivered at their doorstep. As a result, shoppers || can enjoy a high level of convenience and save a large amount of time since they do not have to waste commuting time to stores or queuing to pay. [BENEFIT 02 – cheaper products & save money] Secondly, different from physical stores, online shops are spared from enormous rental fees and overhead costs, so they can lower their prices to attract buyers. This practice can benefit online shoppers financially by helping them reduce their expenses on commodities, which is meaningful in the current context of ever-increasing good prices.
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